But this was only the beginning. A year later, in 1989, the Berlin Wall and the Iron Curtain fell. Previously had been loads of toxic waste brought i.e. to Africa. The transport was relatively cumbersome and expensive. But now countries beyond the former Iron Curtain attract the attention of racketeers of garbage. Waste, which would have been expensive to dispose of because of government regulations in their own countries, could be dumped cheaply in countries beyond the former Iron Curtain: solvents, used oil, old pesticides, paint and paint residues, metallurgical slags, galvanic sludges, catalysts, sewage sludge, asbestos waste, contaminated railroad ties, batteries, car shredder transformers and capacitors, etc. - basically all what one wanted to get rid of.
